Cordial Deconstruction

(Not Polite or Respectful, just Cordial.)

Archive for the ‘Medicine / Health’ Category

Cryptosporidiosis Is Not A Bacterial Infection

Posted by Karl Withakay on August 25, 2010

While I drive to and from work each weekday, I listen to the local NPR affiliate, KWMU, a generally excellent source of broadcast news.  During my drive home from work today, I caught a story on an outbreak of a diarrheal illness, crypo in some St. Louis county day care centers.  The report mentioned that crypto is short for cryptosporidiosis and explained that cryptosporidiosis was a bacteriological illness spread through contact with infected feces, usually in swimming pools and day care centers.  The same story was reported on the Post dispatch web site with virtually identical information.  (The story broadcast on KWMU may have even credited the Post Dispatch for the story, but I didn’t catch it.)  The PD story stated:

“The bacterial illness, cryptosporidiosis, is spread through contact with infected feces, most commonly in swimming pools and day care centers.”

The problem with the story as reported by both KWMU and the PD is that cryptosporidiosis is not a bacterial illness, and Blythe Bernhard, the author of the Post Dispatch article, could have learned that with a few seconds of fact checking on the internet.  (See also the CDC’s site if you don’t trust Wikipedia.)  Cryptosporidiosis is instead a parasitic infection caused by a protozoan parasite, Cryptosporidium.

I know this because some years ago I saw an episode of (I believe) Forensics Files regarding an outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in Milwaukee after a rainstorm caused untreated sewage to overflow the sewage treatment system and spill into the same water source a water plant got its municipal water from; an outbreak of  cryptosporidiosis was the result.

As soon as I got home, I rushed to the computer to confirm my knowledge because no mater how sure I am of something, I like to be able to confirm and support my position; I try not to assume that I recall something correctly, even though in this case I was sure cryptosporidiosis was parasitic in nature and not bacteriological.

It’s not a major gaff per se, but neither was it in any way difficult to research either.  Cryptosporidiosis is not bacterial and cannot be treated like a bacterial infection.  In fact, there really is no treatment for cryptosporidiosis other than supportive care (you just have to let your immune system fight it off).  In immunocompromised individuals, it can become a lifelong, chronic condition that can also be fatal.   One would think the reporter would have looked up cryptosporidiosis to get more information on the disease.  Sure it was just a quick, breaking news blurb, but

A. wouldn’t it be good to be sure you have the facts straight BEFORE publishing,

and

B. wouldn’t it be good to have some background info on the disease in case the story gets bigger and you have to revisit it?

As of 7:30PM local time, the story on the PD website has not been updated, which tells me nobody has gone back to check the facts after getting the breaking news published to the web, although someone did post the diarrhea song in the comments section.  :)

UPDATE 8-26-10

As of 9:00AM the next day, the story on the PD website is still unchanged, though the diarrhea song has been deleted from the comments, and someone else posted a comment regarding cryptosporidiosis not being bacterial in nature.  However, the story was repeated on the air on KWMU this morning, this time without any mention of a bacterial nature.  Maybe KWMU actually read my E-Mail.

EDIT II 8-26-10

Apparently the PD website put out a nearly identical replacement article omitting the bacterial infection part, but left the original article in place for some reason.   Maybe he app they use to deploy breaking news stories does not allow edits after publishing.

Posted in Criticism, Media, Medicine / Health, Public Radio | Tagged: | Leave a Comment »

Educate Yourself About Cell Phone Science

Posted by Karl Withakay on December 21, 2009

Maine is considering requiring cancer warnings on cell phones.  I could take the time to write a lengthy deconstruction regarding cell phones and non-ionizing radio frequency radiation, but why bother remaking the wheel when Steven Novella has already done an excellent job addressing the subject?

There’s just no science to support the hypothesis that cell phone use can cause cancer:  There’s no biological science to show a mechanism for cell phone use to cause cancer, and there’s no observational science to show cell phone use correlates to an increased risk of cancer.

What we have instead is an unsupported and mostly  implausible hypothesis that because non-ionizing radio frequency radiation from cell phones causes measurable biological effects and ionizing radiation can cause cancer, that cell phones probably cause cancer.  Give that to a politician who cares more about being seen to act on what is perceived to be (or can be promoted as) an important issue than they do about being genuinely productive (or about taking the time to properly educate themselves on an issue before acting), and you get proposals for new, unneeded, unscientific laws.

Indoor light is non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation with far more energy than the radio frequency radiation of cell phones, and it too produces measurable biological effects, but nobody seems to be proposing cancer warnings on light bulbs.  Oh, snap!  …  Never mind, set your hair on fire and run for the hills.

Posted in Critical Thinking, Criticism, Heads Up, Media, Medicine / Health, Science, Skepticism, Yahoo Features | Leave a Comment »

Deconstruction Review of Fringe, Episode 9, Season 2, Snakehead

Posted by Karl Withakay on December 3, 2009

As usual, an episode synopsis can be found over at Scott’s Polite Dissent.

Astrid Should Be Smarter Than That

I’d be a little more careful handling a large, unknown creature like that. Two people trying to hold the creature in their arms while one person tries to extract fluid with a syringe seems like a really bad idea. How about at least holding it down on a table, or better yet, restraining it on the table?

HDTV Prop Convenience Theater

The sticker on the air purifier in the woman’s house read:

MEDICAL AIR SYSTEMS

ULTRASONIC AIR PURIFIER

The sticker on the window read,

MEETS FDA STANDARDS

HERMETICALLY SEALED

CANZI MEDICAL GLASS MFG.

I’ll concede that it’s very plausible that the sticker would be on the window, but the air filter looks like it’s designed to blend in with the room and the sticker sticks out like a sore thumb. I call Prop Convenience Theater on the air purifier sticker.

No, That Means You Should See a Doctor Right Away

Conversation between Astrid and Walter.

Astrid:

“Walter, what if you’re infected with one of those worms?”

Walter:

“I’ve tested my blood and liver function; I’m fine.

In fact, my white cell count is through the roof. I have several new antibodies in my blood, and even the gas I had earlier is gone.”

First of all, it would be possible for Walter to have one or more worms implanted in him and them not yet be detectable; it’s only been a few hours since he was attacked.

Second, if his white blood count is “through the roof”, especially so soon after the bite, my first though would be a severe infection, probably even sepsis, and that he should seek emergency treatment immediately.

Two Different Shows Feature Helminthic Therapy Within Weeks of Each Other!

The November 17th episode of House also featured treatment with parasitic worms.

Bad Medicine, Or This is Where I Try to Horn In On Scott’s Territory

Astrid explaining a picture on the computer screen:

Ancylostoma Duodenale. An intestinal hookworm. It’s about 10mm long”

Walter:

“Chinese Medicine! Ancylostoma could be used for the treatment of chronic asthma. People are purposefully infected and walk around their entire lives with it.”

We’re good here so far. Helminthic therapy, treating someone by intentionally infecting them with parasitic worms, isn’t just “Chinese medicine”, it’s being investigated for use in scientific medicine.

But then the writers continue…

Walter:

“I believe it’s the parasite’s lymph gland that’s the real prize. It secretes a remarkable immune boosting enzyme.”

Peter:

“Immune boosting? So you might take that if you has, say a severe phobia of germs?”

Walter:

“Or if you wanted to treat any number of immune deficiency disorders.”

Except that as far as I can tell, only vertebrates have lymphatic systems, (hook worms are invertebrates), and that’s not how or why Helminthic therapy works.

Helminthic therapy is used for autoimmune diseases like Celiac and disorders of inflammation and over activity of the immune system like allergies and asthma. It is not used for immune deficiency disorders; the last thing you want to do with an immune compromised patient is intentionally introduce a parasitic infection. Minor infections that would normally not cause significant problems for a healthy individual such as cryptosporidium can be severe, lifelong chronic infections for immune compromised individuals.

It is believed that Helminthic therapy works by basically giving the body’s immune system something to focus its attention on so it stops attacking the body. It does not boost the immune system; that’s the last thing you want to do with autoimmune disorders, where the immune system is over aggressive and attacking the body.

Please see this excellent article by Dr. Mark Crislip, MD, an infectious disease specialist, regarding the concept of “boosting the immune system” and whether the it has any real meaning or if it would be a good idea if it was possible.

Saw it Coming a Mile Away

Hands up all those who didn’t figure it was the son with the germ problem right away. No hands? I didn’t think so.

Jitterbug Anyone?

Why hasn’t Peter given Walter a cell phone with important numbers programmed instead of a 3X5 card? Walter would probably so infatuated with the fancy gadget that he’d never forget he had it like he did that stupid card.

Question Better Addresses by a Someone Who’s a Doctor, Like Scott

If Astrid was knocked unconscious, would she be able to recall what happened to her immediately upon regaining consciousness? I seem to remember from several episodes of Medical Detectives and Forensics Files that generally that would not be the case.

Astrid Must Have Been in the Same Class at the Academy As Olivia

Astrid:

“I don’t know how they knew we had the worm”

Gee, all you and Walter did was mention a four foot hook worm to a Chinese shop keeper selling hook works, and the next thing you know, Chinese gang members are back at your lab stealing your giant hook worm. Go figure.

Peter Does Have a Death Wish

WTF was Peter thinking, going in there by himself? What, exactly, was his cunning plan, to take on an entire Chinese gang by himself?

As My College Lit Teacher Used to Say, “FORESHADOWING, PEOPLE- FORESHADOWING!”

Anyone want to bet that the tracking device in Walter’s neck becomes very important in a later episode?

Posted in Fringe, Medicine / Health, Prop Convenience Theater, Science, Television | 1 Comment »

Scientific Support for Increased Risk of Iocaine Poisoning

Posted by Karl Withakay on December 2, 2009

The science is in: I have just learned from PalMD, that there is a possible mechanism for Zicam causing anosmia.

Seeing as there is now scientific support for an increased risk of Iocaine poisoning for users of Zicam, the sale and use of this product should be stopped immediately, especially in Australia or for people going up against Sicilians when death is on the line.

Posted in Deadpan, Followup, Humor, Medicine / Health | Leave a Comment »

No Deconstruction Neccessary

Posted by Karl Withakay on August 10, 2009

Gee, I’m almost disappointed.

David B. Caruso of the Associated Press wrote an article, “Immune system cancer found in young 9/11 officers” that immediately raised my guard based on the headline.  I was prepared for a typical, sensationalistic article based on Post Hoc Ergo Prompter Hoc fallacies, anecdotes, and an ignorance of statistics.  Instead, I was pleasantly surprised.

It was a well written article.  It presented the facts objectively, didn’t cherry pick details to support an agenda or skew the story, and made no unsuported conclusions.  Additionally, the conclusions that were drawn were very reserved and reasonable.

Points made in the article:

-Numbers of incidence of multiple myeloma in the sample are tiny.

-Numers of incidence are within predicted parameters, but high for one age group in question.
(8 cases, but 4 under 45: should only be 1 under 45)

-Currently no evidence to support causation.

-Number could be result of increased medical scrutiny the group has been subjected to.  (Will Rogers Effect, see http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/?p=116)

-Continued, increased  surveillance is advised.

-Timing is in question as research show that not enough time had  passed for multiple myeloma to develope due to environmental exposeure to a carcinogen, suggesting a non-causal relationship to 9/11.

I was even more surprised to learn from Googling his name that David Caruso does not appear to be a dedicated science reporter.  Maybe there’s hope for mainstream science reporting these days after all, even from non science reporters.

I though that Mr. Caruso deserved a Kudo for the kind of quality repoting that is increasingly rare these days:  Way to go David!  :)

Posted in Critical Thinking, Heads Up, Kudos, Medicine / Health, Science, Skepticism, Yahoo Features | Leave a Comment »

Off to TAM 7 & SBM Conference

Posted by Karl Withakay on July 8, 2009

I’m off to Las Vegas to attend The Amazing Meeting 7 and the  Science Based Medicine Conference with my friend Scott of Polite Dissent!

Nearly all my favorite bloggers will be there, and the concentration of such blogging talent in one place could cause Las Vegas to collapse into an internet black hole!

I see the high temperatures in Las Vegas are supposed to be between 102F & 107F from today through Sunday.  Whose bright idea was it to hold a conference in Las Vegas in July?  Well, I suppose it will be a dry heat, but then again,  so is an oven.

Posted in Critical Thinking, Medicine / Health, Science, Skepticism | 3 Comments »

Heads Up: Acupuncture Anesthesia: Part IV

Posted by Karl Withakay on June 26, 2009

Heads Up: Kimball Atwood has posted part IV of his series on acupuncture anestesia over at Science Based Medicine.  Go check it out.

Posted in Heads Up, Medicine / Health | Leave a Comment »

Zicam Increases Risk of Iocaine Poisoning!

Posted by Karl Withakay on June 18, 2009

The FDA has issued a warning that using Zicam can lead to anosmia, which is a loss of the sense of smell.  Many bloggers in the blogosphere (pretty much most of the sites in my Daily Sites links) have covered this already, but they have all ignored the most serious potential risk of anosmi from taking Zicam: Iocaine Powder poisoning

As we all know, the best way to detect Iocaine Powder is from its lack of scent, but if you can’t smell anything at all, how will you know if something doesn’t have a scent (or has no added scent) since everything lacks a scent to you?

Of course the Iocaine poisoning risk would be greatest for people in Australia and people going up against Sicilians when death is on the line.

Rumor has it that land wars in Asia will be unaffected.

I felt that this risk needed to be brought to people’s attention.

That is all.  :)

Posted in Deadpan, Humor, Medicine / Health | 3 Comments »

Nuerologica’s Deconstruction of Homeopathy

Posted by Karl Withakay on June 15, 2009

It’s Homeopathy Awareness Week!  Head over to Steven Novella’s Neurologica and read his excellecnt post Deconstructing Homeopathy.

Posted in Heads Up, Medicine / Health | Leave a Comment »

Deconstruction: 5 Secrets to Preserve Your Eyesight

Posted by Karl Withakay on June 15, 2009

OK, finally, an actual Deconstruction.  Deconstructing various Yahoo features will probably be a semi-regular feature of my blog, for as long as I actively maintain the thing.

Yahoo’s main page frequently features various “health” articles of somewhat dubious value, and now I finally have a blog on which to deconstruct one.

Today I saw the story, 5 Secrets to Preserve Your Eyesight (warning for the right-click impaired, the link opens in the same window), and decided to take a look.

It’s pretty typical fare for the types of “health” articles Yahoo features, providing a lot of sciencey sounding, but unsupported recommendations, appeals to ancient wisdom, and repeating one or more already debunked medical myths.

The first particular I’ll address is the first “secret”

1. A juice to brighten your eyesight
An age-old Chinese folk remedy for clearing the vision is a blended juice made from celery, peppermint, and Chinese parsley. Research has caught up with this wisdom, and we now know that luteolin, an antioxidant bioflavonoid found in these three ingredients, has been found to provide the best protection of cell DNA from radiation. Some evidence shows that luteolin helps protect the eye from UV radiation damage, as well as from glycation, a process in which sticky sugar molecules bind up protein, potentially damaging the retina. Luteolin also promotes healthy blood sugar levels and regulates insulin sensitivity. Blend together celery, peppermint, and Chinese parsley in a blender with a little water or a juicer. Drink this fresh juice daily to see well into the future!

First, I’ll just address that the article provides no references to support the claims made in any way; we’re just supposed to accept that the author speaks with authority.  It may be unrealistic to expect support references, but at least a passing mention of the source of the research and evidence would be nice, as in “research at XYZ University in 2001  showed….”.

Next, notice how the article doesn’t say that  these ingredients have been “shown to provide the best protection of cell DNA from radiation”, “protect the eye from UV radiation damage, as well as from glycation”, or “promotes healthy blood sugar levels and regulates insulin sensitivity”, only that substances found in these ingredients have.  In my experience, this is fairly typical of mainstream media “health reporting” in general.

The reasoning goes something like this:  Item A has been shown to have health benefit Y.  Item B contains item A, therefore item B has health beneift Y.  This is fallacious logic.  There are numerous reasons why item B may not have health benefit Y.  Item B may or may not contain sufficient amount of item A, it may contain item A in a different (less effective or ineffective) form, or item B may contain other ingredients that offset or nullify the beneficial effects of item A.

If item A has been shown to have health benefit Y, and item B contains item A, we can say there is reason to investigate item B to see if it too has benefit Y, but that’s about it.

Item 2 “Eat for Eye Health” is essentially a bunch of unsupported claims which may or may not be true.   I don’t feel like taking the time to research them to see if they hold any merit (It’s my first real Deconstruction, give me a break).

Item 3, “Stay hydrated” parrots the debunked notice of needing to drink 8 glasses of water a day (even the CDC still parrots that one, so it’s hard to blame the author too much for it) and adds that proper hydration is essential for good eye function.  It’s of course important to not become dehydrated, but most people’s current liquid intake is already fine.

Item 4, “Eye exercises to fight floaters“: I spent a few minutes searching the internet, and found no scientific support for these claims.  I did find info on the Mayo Clinic’s site describing the causes and treatment of floaters, but strangely never found any of these exercise listed.  Wearing of UV-protective sunglasses is something my eye doctors have been recommending for decades, so I’m OK with that advice.

Item 5, “Instant eye remedies“: is mostly unproven, scienced up herbal remedies, but the recommendation for eye exams is reasonable.

As we get to the end of the article, surprise-surprise, we find that the author, one Dr Mao, has a book he wants you to buy, and he also sells “natural health products”  on the Tao of Wellness website.

Dr Mao’s website states that he  “is a doctor of Chinese medicine and an authority in the field of Anti-Aging Medicine” and “has two doctorate degrees and wrote his Ph.D. dissertation on nutrition”  It does not say what institutions he has his doctorates from, and it although it says his dissertation was on nutrition, it does not state that either of his degrees are in nutrition.  He is most clearly not an MD, and this is something which is not at all clear in the Yahoo article.

I get the feeling that people like Dr Mao really want us to actually use only 10% of our brains, and not think critically when consuming information.

Posted in Medicine / Health, Yahoo Features | 1 Comment »